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Seasonal vs Pandemic2

Seasonal Influenza

Pandemic Influenza
Outbreaks follow predictable seasonal patterns; occurs annually, usually in winter, in temperate climates Occurs rarely (three times in 20th century-most recently in 1968)
Usually some immunity built up from previous exposure No previous exposure; little or no preexisting immunity
Healthy adults usually not at risk for serious complications; the young, the elderly and those with certain underlying health conditions at increased risk for serious complications Healthy people may be at increased risk for serious complications
Health systems can usually meet public and patient needs Health systems may be overwhelmed
Vaccine developed based on known influenza strains and available for annual influenza season Vaccine probably would not be available in the early stages of a pandemic
Adequate supplies of antivirals are usually available Effective antivirals may be in limited supply
Average US deaths approximately 36,000 / year Number of deaths could be high
Symptoms: fever, cough, runny nose, muscle pain. Deaths often caused by complications, such as pneumonia Symptoms may be more severe and complications more frequent
Generally causes modest impact on society (eg, some school closings, encouraging people who are sick to stay home) May cause major impact on society (eg, widespread restrictions on travel, closing of schools and businesses, cancellation of large public gatherings)
Manageable impact on domestic and world economy Potential for severe impact on domestic and world economy

Reference:
2. US Dept of Health and Human Services. Flu information. Available at: http://www.pandemicflu.gov/season_or_pandemic.html. Accessed April 13, 2006.

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